Freight cab



w. a WINE FREIGHT 0811 Original Fil ed-May 23, 1927 j 7 sheets-s ed Feb. 11, 1930.

Feb 11, 1930,

1M. 5. WINE FREIGHT cAR 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original File d May 23. 1927 gvwenhn A? a flhuzu;

Feb.-1l l 930. w. w Re. 17,590

FREIGHT CAR Original Filed May 23. 1,92? '7 Shets-Sheet s W. E. WINE FREIGHT OAR Feb. 11, 1930.

Original Filed May 23. 1927 7 Sheets-Shut 4 Feb. 11, 19.30. w. E. WINE Re; I FREIGHT can I Original Filed "a123, 1927 7 sheets-sheet 5 gwwntoc Feb. 11,- 1930.

/ w. E. WINE FREIGHT 01m Original Filed Ma 23:. 1927 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 FREIGHT CAR Original Filed May 2:, i921 TSheets-Sheet 7 7 Feb. 11, 1930. w, w Re'. 17,590 I Rei csued Feb. 11, 1930 UNITED STATES- WILLIAM E. WINE, OF TOLEDO, OHIO FREIGHT CAB.

Original No. 1,698,866, dated Ianuaryc15, 1929, Serial No. 193,612, filed May 23, 1921. Reissue No. 17,285,

dated April 23, 1929,-Se ria1 No. 348,369, filed September 17, 1929. Serial No. 393,254. I

My invention relates to new and useful improvements in railway cars and more particularly to freight cars ofthe hopper type. One of the principal objects of the invention is to provide a hopper car having slightly reduced ends so that safety appliances may be applied on the sides of-the car adjacent its ends and thus come 'within the limits defined by the /maximum distance between the sides of the car.

Another object of the invention is to pro-Y vide the interior of the car with means whereby the flow of granular lading or the like down the inclined floorthereof will not be interrupted by the stakes of the car which are disposed on the inside thereof.

Still another object ofthe invention is to provide a hopper car with end side sheets \vhichcanbe readily formed from a single piece of metal so that they may be made up in large quantities on presses with which railroad shops and repair, shops are usually equipped.

Still another object of the invention is to provide the hopper car with stamped end sheets the body portions of which extend at a slight angle to one end thereof and the upper portions of which incline upwardly and inwardly.

A still further object of the invention is to provide the end side sheets with portions adjacent their lower edges which incline inwardly transverselyof the car. i

A still further object of the invention is 85 to provide the freight car with brackets secured to the side stakes and end side sheets to tie these parts of the car structure together. v

A. still further object ofthe invention--is to provide the end side sheets along their lower edges with flanges adapted to be secured to the slope sheets to support the latter.

A still further object of the invention is 4 5 to provide a freight car with a body bolster having upwardly projecting ends presenting or afi'ording'surfaces above and below adja- .cent portions of the car floor. to which side stakes may be secured.

60 With these and numerous other objects in '99, Figure 7, the bottom cover plate of the bolster also being shown in section.

liar-ch 19, 19 29. This application for. reissue filed view, the invention consists in certain new and novel arrangements and combinations of parts as will be hereinafter more fully described and pointed out in the claims,

In the drawings illustrating a preferred embodiment of the invention:

Figure 1 is a side elevational view of one end of the freight car.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary sectional view on line 2-2, Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary plan view illustrating the side of the car opposite to that shown in Figure 2.

Figure i is a fragmentaryseotional view taken on line -14, Figure L Figure'5 is a similar view taken on line 55, Figure 1. j

4 Figure 6 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line 66, Figure 1.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary side elevational view of one end of the bolster.

Figure 8 is a plan view of that ortion of. the bolster illustrated in Figure? .Figure 9 is a sectional view taken on line Figure 10 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view similar to Figure 6 showing substantially the entire bolster.

Figure 11 is an enlarged sectional view taken on line 11-11, Figure 10.

Figure 12 is a similar sectional view taken" on line 1212, Figure 10. I Figure 13 is a sectional view taken on line 13-13, Figure 12.

Figure 14 is a perspective view of one of the end side sheets. V

Figure 15 is an end view of the sheet illus- I trated in. Figure 14L Figure 16 is a perspective view of the bracket or tie plate.

Figure 17 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line 17- 17, Figure 12.

vFigure 18 is a perspective view of the construction adjacent the upper end of the bol- "ster illustrating the manner in which the bracket member ties together adjacent.portions of the side and slope sheets, side stake and bolster.

As the construction adjacent each end of the car is the same, only one end thereof has-been illustrated in the drawings and described in the specification. Furthermore, since the construction on opposite sides of the car. is identical in all material aspects, only one side thereof will be described in the specification.

Referring more particularly to the draw ings, 2 designates the side sills, 57 the center sills and 33 the end sills. Theside and end sills, which are preferably of, angle shape, ma be advantageously secured by gussets 34, while the center sills may be tied to the end sills of the car in any suitable manner not shown.

The body bolster which is rigidly 'connectedto the opposite-sidesills 2 and the center sills '57 is preferably of the composite type involving end plates and 46 and a center plate 47. The outer side edges and the bottomed es of the end plates of the bolster referafily' terminate in laterally extending anges 58 and 59, respectively, and the portions of these flanges ad'acent the side sills are rigidly connected t ereto. The three plates of the bolster may be conveniently connected by two pairs of reinforcing plates 49 and 50, respectively, disposed on opposite sides of the center si ls, the plates of each pair overlapping opposite faces of the bolster lates. Reinforcing brackets 51 and 52 may, 1f. desired, be secured 'to the bolster directly over the bearing plates 51? and 52- which are adapted to cooperate with truck side bearin s, not shown. The construction of the b0 ter thus far described is substantially the same as that disclosed in m Patent No.

1,703,758 and need not, there ore, be herein described more in detail.

The upper edges of each of the bolster plates 45, 46 and 47 are inclined upwardly so as to form a substantially continuous flange 54 which terminates slightly inwardly of the ends ofthe bolster. Connecting the bolster plates adjacent their upper portions is an angle member 55, one leg of which is secured to the bolsterplates and the other leg a plane substantially parallel therewith.

61 of which projects laterally thereof in a direction opposite to that of the flange 54. The upper surface of the leg 61 is inclined similarly to that of flange 54 and lies in These two flanges, as will hereinafter ap- V pear, afford a support for theinclined floor of the car. v

' Secured to the sides of the bolster adjacent its respective ends are side stakes 3 which project upwardl therefromwithin the sides of the car. Eacli of the side stakes may advantageously be a bulb angle having one leg or flange 62 riveted to a face of the bolster and another leg or flange 63 projecting laterally thereof in substantially the same plane as the adjacent side flange 58 of the bolster. As may be clearly seen in Figure 17, a por- "h tion of the leg 62 of the side stake is interposed'between the face of the bolster and the connecting angle member 55, the latter being offset, as at 64, to overlie the leg. The end portions of the bolster to which the side stakes are respectively secured project up wardly, as at 53, above the flange 54 thereof and consequentl above adjacent portions of the car floor. These upwardly projecting extensions 53 provide the bolster with increased areas to which the side stakes may be secured, thereby permitting the employment of a greater number of connecting rivets. Since a major portion of the force required for supporting the ladingwithin the car is transthat by virtue of being able to use a greater number of rivets to connect the side stakes and bolster a-more rigid car construction is I reduced.

Each of the side sheetsl of the car, with the exception of the end side sheets 5 which will be hereinafter described, overlaps the outer faces of and is secured to the respective legs 63ofthe side stakes and to adjacent portions of the side sills 2. V The edges of those side sheets 1 which adjoin the end side sheets 5 preferabl project, as at 4, beyond their ad acent si e stakes toward the ends of the car to afford convenient means to which the end side sheets may be attached. Adjacent their upper portions the side sheet 1 and the outer faces ofthe side stakes 3 incline upwardly and inwardly as at 65 and'23, respectively. These inclined portions 65 of the side sheets terminate in upwardly projecting substantially vertical flanges 26 for attachment to a vertical leg or flange 66 of an adjacent side top rail 25. The top railsof the car may conveniently be bulb angles having, in addition to the vertical flange 66, an outwardly projecting, substantially horizontal leg or flange 67 disposed above the inclined portions of the side sheets. Brackets 24 may advantageously be employed for reinforcing this top construction of the car. These brackets are respectively disposed on the outer face of the inclined port-ions of the side sheets, being riveted thereto and to the inclined portion of the side stakes and to the outwardly projecting flange 67 of the top rail. The end top rails 28 of the car are similar in shape to the side top rails and may be rigidly connected thereto in any desired manner such as by corner plates or brackets27.

By fashioning the side sheets 1 of the can with the upwardly and inwardly inclined portions and by arranging the toprails of the 'car in the manner disclosed it will be readily appreciated that a car of maximum are entirely eliniinated-therebyi facilitating the inside of the top construction of the car the other the discharge of lading from the car when it is inverted for that purpose. In order that ladders A and other safety appliances may be applied to the side of the car adjacent its ends and not project beyond the limits defined by the maximum distance between the sides of the car, the ends thereof are reduced or restricted. As may be clearly seen in Figures 2 to 5, inclusive, the corner posts 6 of the car, which may advantageously be of angle shape, are disposed inwardly with respect to the adjacent side stakes, being secured at their lower ends to the end sil1s 33 and to the inwardly inclined portions 32 of the side sills and at their upper ends to the top rails 25 and 28. The end side sheets 5 of the car respectively extend from the corner post 6 to the neighboring side stakes and each is provided with a main bodyportion 8 which inclines inwardly with respect to the parallel or normal sides of the car. Adjacent their inner vertical edges each side sheet is fashioned with a marginal flange 7 which is disposed in a plane parallel-with the car side and is overlappingly secured to the inner face of the projecting portion 4 of the adjacent side sheet 1. Since the marginal flange 7 is parallel with the sides of the car it will be appreciated that it extends 'at an angle to the body portion 8 of the sheet. Adjacent their outer vertical edges 9 each end sheet'overlaps the inner face of the leg or flange 30 of the adjacent corner post and is secured thereto by any suitable means, such as rivets. As the portion of the sheet which is secured to the leg 30 of the corner post lies in the same plane as the body portion 8 of the sheet, this leg is preferably disposed at an obtuse angle with eg or flange 29 of the corner post. The upper portion of each of the end side sheets is fashioned with an inwardly and upwardly inclined or trough portion 14 which is in alinement with and constitutes a continuation of the inclined portions of the adjacent side sheets 1. As the planes of these inclined portions intersect the body portions 8 of the end side sheets inwardly of their outer edges 9, the inclined portions 14 of the latter sheets gradually decrease in width and merge with the body of the sheet at a point 16. The upper edge of each end side sheet is fashioned with a substantially vertical flange 12 whichlextends at an angle to the body portion of the sheet for attachment to the depending leg 66 of the side top rail. This flange merges with the body portion of the sheet at a point 13 in vertical alinementwith the point of mergence of the inclined portion 14 thereof. In order that the upper edge of the body portion of the sheet between the point 13 and its outer edge 9 may be also secured to the side top rail, the latter inclines slightly inwardly, as may be clearly seen at 31 in Figure 3.

The end side sheets 5 do not extend down to the side sills, as do the side sheets 1, but

"terminate substantially in the plane of adjacent portions of the inclined floor of the car, as clearly shownin Figure 1. The lower portions ofeach of the end side sheets are inclined downwardly and inwardly fromadjacent the outer edge of the adjoining side stake to adjacent the inner edge thereof to provide the interior of the car with transversely inclined portions or troughs 68 in alinement with the side stakes longitudinally of the car.- The inclined portion 68, in addition to being inclined transversely of car, is also inclined longitudinally thereof, and the lower edge 18 of the incline has substantially the same inclination a the inclined floor. It will thus be appreciated that, when the lading of the car is being discharged therefrom through drop doors in the bottom thereof, these transversely inclined portion of the end side sheets will cause portions of the lading, which would otherwise he pocketed or retained by the inwardly disposed side stakes, to readily pass around them, whereby the discharge of lading from the car is greatly facilitated.

As with the'upper inclined portion 14 the lower inclined portion 68 of each end side sheet gradually decreases in width toward the outer edge thereof, merging with the body portion 8 at a point 21 which 18 intermediate the point of mergence of the upper incline 14 and the outer edge 9. The lower inclined portion 68 terminates in a substantially vertical flange 19 affording convenient means to which adjacent ortions of the car floor may be attached. his lower flange is parallel with the upper flange 12 and with the side sheets 1 of the car and, therefore, forms an angle with the body portion 8 of the sheets, preferably merging therewith at a point 20 in.vertical a'linement with 21, the point of mergence of the lower incline. It will, of course, be understood that the points where the upper and lower inclined portions of each end side sheet merge with the body portion thereof are practically entirely determined or controlled by the inclination ofthe body portion thereof with respect to the parallel or normal sides of the car.

The floor ofthe car at each endthereof, in-

stead of being one continuous slope sheet extending from the end of the car downwardly toward the center sills, may advantageously be formed of a plurality of sheets 42 and 44, the sheet 42 extending from the car end to the bolster and sheet 44 extending from the bolster to the center sills. The slope sheet 44 overlaps the inclined upper face of and is secured to the flange or leg 61 of the angle member 55, while the slopesheet 42 overlaps the upper face of the flange 54 of the bolster and the upper face of the adjoining portionsof the slope sheet 44, being rigidly secured to both of them. The marginal edges of the slope sheet 42 are flanged upwardly as at 43, affording convenient means for attaching it to the lower-flanges 19 of the end side sheets which are offset inwardly with respect to the main sides of the car. The slope sheet 44 which is of greater width than the sheet 42 is also provided with upwardly projecting n'larginal flanges for attachment to adjacent portions of the side sheets 1. As the lower marginal flanges 19 of the end side sheets are disposed in planesparallel with the normal sides of the car it will be appreciated that end side sheets and to tie together the various parts of the car construction adjacent the ends of the bolsters, bracket members 36 may be advantageously employed. Each bracket member is provided with two legs, 37 and 38,

respectively, disposed at substantially right angles to each other. The leg 37 is offset intermediateits ends at a point designated 41 afl'ording surfaces respectively engageable with the associated upwardly projecting extension 53 of the bolster and an ad acent portion of'a neighboring side stake. This leg is rigidly connected to the bolster and side stake by rivets 69, while the leg 38 is rigidly connected to the vertical flange 19 andthe adjacent marginal flange 43 of the adjoining end side 'sheet and slope sheet respectively. Attheir upper'edges the legs 37 and 38 are connected by a portion 39 disposed in a plane parallel with that of the inclined portions 68 of the end side sheets. This inclined portion 39, underlies and is in supporting engagement with the incline of the sheet and may, if desired, be riveted thereto. Thus it will be seen, that in'addition to afiording means for supporting the lower inclines of the end side sheets, the brackets 36 serve to rigidly tie together all portions of the car construction adjacent the upper ends of the bolster.

The foregoing construction results in the production of a car having a maximum capacity within the clearance limits prescribed byrailroad standards. Furthermore, the manner in .which the several parts of'the car structureare connected producesa very rigid construction and the elimination of sharp angles and corners on the interior of c the car greatly facilitates the discharge of lading therefrom whether this is accomplished' by inverting the car orjby opening the drop doors in the bottom thereof.

I claim:

- 1. A freight car'having end side sheets converging to the end of the car from adjacent the body bolster, each of said sheets having a portion near its upper edge sloping in wardly and upwardly and a portion near its lower edge sloping inwardly and downwardly.

2. An end side sheet for a freight car involving a'body portion, an ever wideningtrou h, and a marginal flange merging with saidlhody portion and said trough.

3. A freight car havin an end side sheet provided with-a marginal flange on its inner edge, the main body portion of the sheet extending at an angle to said flange, said sheet having a trough-like portion near its upper edge anda second lower edge. a

4. An end side sheet for a freight car comprising a body portion, an ever widenin trough' formed in the lower portion thereof, and a marginal flange merging with the body portion and trough.

5. In a freigfiht car having vertical side trough-like portion near its sheets, and comibnation with end side sheets 7 extending at an angle, to said vertical side sheets, each of said end side sheets comprising a body portion, an ever widening trough in the upper portion thereof, and a marginal flange merging with the body portion and trough.

6. A freight car provided with side walls having end portions converging toward the end of the car, each of said end portions having an ever widening trough formed in its lower portion.

7. An end side sheet for a freight car comprising a body portion, an ever widening I trough in the upper portion thereof, a ma'rginal flange merging with the body portion and with the said trough, a second trough formed in the lower portion of the sheet, and

a flange mer ing with the second trough and with the b0 y portion near the outer edge thereof, the length of the lower trough being greater than the length of the upper trough.

8. An end side sheet for a freight car comprising a body portion, a marginal flange at one edge thereof, said ,body portion being inclined with respect to the marginal flange, a trough-like portion adjacent the upper end of the marginal flange, said trough mer with the sheet near the opposite edge thereof,

and a second trough-like portion adjacent the lower end of the marginal flange said second trough merging with the sheet beyond the point of mergence of the first named trough therewith.

9. A freight car having side walls and sloping floors, each'of said side walls having and end. rtion lying in'a plane forming an angle t erewith afiording means to which safe ty. appliances may be secured, each of said end portions being fashioned adjacent its lower edge with an inwardly ofiset flange for decreasing in width and merging with the attachment to adjacent portions of the slop- 1 ing floors, said flanges being disposed in planes parallel to said .side walls.

' 10. An end side sheet for a freight car comprising a body portion, an inwardiy and upwardly inclined portion adjacent its upper edge, a top flange, the said indined portion said body portion and top'flan-ge,an.inwanily and downwardly inclined portion adjacent its lower edge, and a flange merging with said last named inclined the latter also decreasin in width. I

11. A freight car having end side sheets converging to the end of the car 11m adjacent the body bolster, each of said sheets having a trough-like portion near its upper edge and a second trough-like portion near its lower edge.

h h b d a t s eets aving 0 .p0 ions conver 'n oward each other aiid toward the end o the car to thereby provide spaces to which safety appliances may be attached, the upper por-, tlonsof each of said sheets sloping upwardly towardeach other and the lower portions of each of said sheets sloping downwardly toward each other. 7

13. -A freight car provided with end side sheets having body portions extending slightly inwardly toward the end of the car afiording means to which safety a pliances may be secured, each of said sheets aving a troughlike portion near its'upperedge andla'troughlike ortion near its lower edge,- a slopedieet, and es on said side sheets for attachment to said 5 ope sheets. i

14. A frei ht car having comer posts, side stakes spac from said posts, end side sheets converging toward each other from adjacent the said stakestosaid cornerpostshroughslike portions formed respectively in the upper and lower portions of each of said sheets, each of said sheets being fashioned with a flange along its lower edge, and slope sheets, the

latter being adapted to be respectively secured to the flange on said end side sheets.

15. A freight car involving four comer posts, side stakes spaced from said enamel posts and positioned slightly outwardlythereof, end side sheets converging toward each other from adjacentthe said side strikes to.

said posts, trough-like portions respectively formed in the lower portions of said end side sheets, and slope sheets respectively secured to said end side sheets. I

16. A freight car having reduced ends, end side sheets inclined inwardly toward the reduced ends, trough-like portions of gradually decreasing width respectively dammed in the lower portions of said end sheets, 'each of I saidsheets having a lower marginal flange merging with its trough-like portion, and

slopesheets respectively secured to the said marginal flanges. v

posts, side flakes, end side sheets extmdan freight car provided with and side 17. A freight car having its end side portions restricted, bulb angle flakes respectively defining the points of the beginning of the restriction, sheets extending from the restrided ends ofthe car toward the cen ter thereof, and end side sheets extending re- .spedively'between the bulb angles and the ends of the car, and trough-like portions respectively formed the lower portisms of said end-side sheets, said and side sheets serving to sip rt said s10 .18. A t car sides, corner at' an angle to the'normal sides of the car and between the stakes and cornerports, sheets, and flanges respectively formedon end side sheets parallel to'the said mined for supporting said slope'sheets' 19. A freight ear having sides, corner posts, bulb angle "stakes adjacent the corner posts and poutioned outwardly therefrom, 'e'n'd side streets respectively extending between said stakes andv corner posts, each of said end side sheets being provided with trough-like portions adjacent its upper and lower edges, bradkets respectively engaging the under sides-of said lower trough-like portions,-said brackets being secured to adjacent side stakes, slope sheets, and means along the -lower edges of the end side sheets for supporting said slope sheets- 6. Ah'eightcar provided with side stakes, I corner posts positioned inwardly of said .side

stakes, the nomml sides of thecar extending between the side stakes, end side-sheets extending between the end side stakes and the corner a trough portion extending along the-lower edge of each of said end side sheets, said trough portions bein inclined with respect to the floor of the car, oor sheets extending mm the ends of the car toward the center thereof, said floor sheets being secured to the end side sheets below the trough por- Ition's thereof, and a. bracket secured to each of the and side stakes and contacting with the-trough lilre portion of the adjacent end sheet for tying the .end side sheet and slope sheet to the side stake.

21. A freight car comprising side stakes, corner posts, 'end side sheets converging inwardly the stakes to the comer posts, troughsrespectively formed in the upper and lower portions of said sheets, each of said lower troughsteriiiiiiatin in downwardly projecting flanges,- slope s eets respectively riveted to said flanges'and brackets positioned on the side stakes for tying the slope sheets midi end side sheetsto their respective side A fre comprising in, art a bolstar, corner atake'seite'n ing above said-bolster .side sheets respectively provided'wirfli ti? h-lik portions in their lower portionsind v il th flanges merging with said trough-like portions, a slope sheet having flanges on its opposite sides respectively secured to the flanges on said end side sheets, v means on the bolster for supporting one edge of said slope sheet, and brackets respective y' secured to the stakes for tying the slope sheets; and end side sheets to'thebolster.

23. A freight ear having reduced ends and 1 1 converging end side sheets, a substantially rectangular slope sheet, the end side sheets havingmr inal flanges adapted to be .,se-'

cured for so 'antially their entire length to the said siope' sheet, troughlike portions re-- I posts, a bolster provided with a flange on its upper'edge, a slope sheet supported adjacent one ofits edges by said flange, flanges on the sides of'seid slope sheet, flanges on the lower edges of said end side sheets respectively se v cured to. the flanges on the slope sheets for supporting the sidesof the latter, and brackets respect vely riveted to the side stakes, to a portion of said holster and to the adjacent flanges of saidslope sheets and end side sheets 25. freight car comprising in part a bolster havi u wardly projecting ends, an upwardly mcllned flange between the said ends, side stakes extending above said bol-' ster, cornertposts, end side sheets extending between sai side stakes and corner posts, a slope sheet, said slope sheet seclgied to the lower edges of the respective endside sheets,

the flange on said bolster serving to partly,

support said slopevsheet, and brackets on said side stakes for respectively tying together the projecting ends of the bolster, the slope sheet, the adjacent end side sheet and '-sidestake 26. A freight car comprising in part end side sheets, a slope sheet supported by said side sheets, 'a bolster having upwardlypro- Y jecting ends, and side stakes respectively seof the slope s cot, and side sheets converging toward the end of the car from adjacent the cured to said ends of the bolster and projecting upwardly therefrom, and a bracket riveted to each of said end-side sheets, the slope sheet and the adjacent projectingend of the bolster. r V

A freight: car comprisin sides and re stricted ends, a slope sheet ormed of two portions, the lower 'port-ionof which'under lies the lower edge of the upper portion, means for su porting theoverlapping edges overlapping edges of the said portions of the slope sheets and trough-like portions respec-V tively formed in the end side sheets adjacent their lower edges, one of said portions of the slope sheet being riveted'along its sides to the end side sheets.

28. A freightfear having restricted ends, end side sheets, each being flared inwardly adjacent its upper and lower edges, side stakes, brackets having two substantially vertical legs and an inchned leg, said brackets being respectively secured to said side stakes and slope sheet, the inclined leg of each bracket abutting the lower flared portion of the adjacent end side sheet to rigidly support the same. j r

29. A freight car having side walls, sloping floors, said side walls having end portions converging inwardly toward the end of the car, each ofsaid sloping floors having two substantially parallel flanges along each of itsside ed 5 adapted to be secured to the adjacent sic e wall, one of said flanges being dis osed inwardly of the other, the converging en portions of each of said side walls having a flange alon'gits lower ed e for attachment to the inwardly disposed ange of the adjacent slop- 30. A freight carhaving obtuse angle corner posts, bulb angle side stakes, angularly disposed end side sheets extendingbetween the corner posts and adjacent side stakes, each of said end side sheets respectively havin trough-like portions formed in its upper an lower portions, each of said side sheets also having a plurality of flanges, onelof said flanges being adapted to be secured to an adjacent corner post, another to a top rail of 1 the car and another to a slope sheet thereof.-

31. A freight: car havin restricted ends, side sheets sloping inwa y and upwardly at their upperportions, end'side sheets respectivelyhaving sloping portions registering with the sloping portions of adjacent side sheets, a top red, means secured to the slop ing portions of said side sheets for supporting the top rail, trough-like portions formed in the lower edges of the respective end side sheets, and slope sheets, the end side sheets supporting said slope sheets, the latter being securedto said end side sheets. v

32. A freight car having side walls, sloping floors, said side walls-having'end portions converging toward the end of the car from adjacentthe body bolster, each of said sloping floors" havinga plurality of flanges" on each' side edge thereof for attachment to adjacent portions of the; side walls, one of said flanges being disposed inwardly of the other flange,

' each of said .end portions of the side walls having a lower marginal flange for attachment to the adjacent inwardiy disposed flange of the sloping floor.

33; A freight-car having end side sheets. converging towardthe end of the car from adjacent the body bolster, a portion of each n being inclined downwardly and inwardly.

' secured to adjacent parts of the car construcmarginal flanges secured, to side sheets,

end s1de sheets of the car converging towards sheets being provided with an inwardly and of said side sheets adjacent its lower edge 34. A freight car having end side sheets converging toward the end of the car from adjacent t e each of said side sheets being inclined downivardly and inwardly, each of said inclined portions bein of varying width.

35. A freig it'ca-r having an end side sheet, the marginal portion of the sheet remote from the end of the car being adapted to be tion, the main body portion of the sheet extending at an angle to the said marginal portion thereof and the lower portion of the sheet being inclined downwardly and inwardly.

36. An end side sheet for a freightcar hava body portion adapted to be disposed in a. planeformingan angle with the plane of the normal sides of the car and an ever widening downwardly and inwardly inclined portion formed in the lower part thereof.

37. An end side sheet for a freight car having an ever widening downwardly and inwardl inclined portion formed in the lower part. tli mg in a substantially vertical flange adapted to bedisposed in a plane parallel with the normal sides of the car.

38. An end side sheet for a freight car having a bod portion adapted to be disposed in a plane orming an angle with the normal sides of the car, an inwardlyv and upwardly inclined portion in the upper part thereof, and an inwardly and downwardly inclined portion in the-lower part thereoi, the incline in the lower part of the sheet extending for a greater distance than the incline in the upper part thereof.

39. A frei ht car having slope sheets and side sheets, each of said slope sheets havirlilg t e the end of the car and being provided with imgularl inwardly offset portions for attac ment tothe adjacent flanges of the slope'sheets.

40. A freight'car having slope sheets'and end side sheets-converging toward the adjacent ends of the car, each of said end side downwardly inclined ortion terminating in a substantiallyvertica plane for attachment to the adjacent slope'sheet.

41. In a drop-bottom railwa, -car having.

reduced ends, end side sheets, si e stakes projecting inwardly beyond said. side sheets, and

slope sheetssecured tosa'id side sheets, a portionof one of said sheets adjacent the other of said sheets in alinement with the side ,stakeslongitudinally of the "car being 1nclined transversely thereof I 42. A drop-bottom railway car involving 'a body bolster, a side stake, secured to the bolster and extending upwardly therefrom body bolster, a lower portion of ereof, said inclined portion terminat-' within the sides of the car, a slope sheet, and

adjacent the other of said sheets being inclined transversely of the car in alinement a side sheet, a portion of one of said sheets a inclined transversely of the car from adj acent one. edge of the side stake to the opposite edge thereof.

44. In a drop-bottom railway car having side sheets, an inclined floor, and side stakes projecting inwardly beyond the side sheets, a

the lower portions of the end side sheetsbein inclined downwardly, and inwa'rdlyin ahnement with the side stakes longitudinally of the car.

46. In a drop-bottom railway carhaving an inclined floor, the combination with a plurality of side sheets, of 'a bod bolster,'and side stakes secured'to the boster adjacentits ends and projecting upwardly therefrom inside of said sldesheets, portlons-of said side sheets adjacent the floor and between the isidestakes and the adjacent end of the car being inclined inwardly and downwardly, said inclined portions respectivel terminatingin substantial alinement wit the inner edgesof adjacent side stakes longitudinally of the car. 1

47. Ina drop-bottom railway car having an inclined floor, thecombination with side sheets,.of a body bolster, and side stakes respectively secured to the bolster adjacent the opposite ends thereof and extending upward- 1y therefrom inside of said side sheets, p0r tions of the side sheets between the bolster and the adjacent end of the car being inclined transversely of the car from. adjacent one edge of the associated side stake toadjacent the other edge thereof, each of, said inclined a0 45. In a drop-bottom railway car having 1 i sheets'adjacent the other of said sheets being inclined transversely of the car in alinement ,with adjacent side stakes longitudinally of the car, and means for supporting the said inclined portion.

49. A drop-bottom railway car involving a side-stake, a side sheet extending between the stake andthe adjacent end of the car, a

slope sheet connected to said side sheet, one of said sheets adjacent the other of Said sheets being inclined transversely of the car in alinement with the side stake longitudinally of the car, and means associated with the side stake for supporting the said] inclined portion. I

50. A drop-bottom railwa car involving body bolsters, side sheets, si e stakes respectively secured to the bols'ters adjacent their opposite ends and extending upwardly therefrom inside of said side sheets, slope sheets connected to the side sheets, portions of the sheets in alinement with the stakes longitudinally of the car and adjacent the ends thereof being inclined transversely of the car, and means rigidly united with the bolsters for respectively supporting" said inclined 'portions,

a side stake, a side sheet between the stake and-the adjacent end of the car, a slope sheet connect ed to the sidesheet, a portion of one of said sheets being inclined transversely of the 'car in alinement longitudinally of the car with the side stake, and a bracket secured to the side stake for supporting the said inclined portion.

52. A freight-car having side stakes, end side sheets provided adjacent their lower edges with portions inclinedftransversely of the car, slope sheets, and brackets respective-v ly secured to said side stakes in supporting engagement with the under sides of said inclined ortions, I I V 353. freight car involving side stakes, end side sheets provided adjacent their lower edgeswith portions inclined transversely of the car, said inclined portions terminating in flanges, slope sheets secured tosaid flanges and brackets respectively secured to said side stakes in supporting engagement with the under sides of said inclined portions, each of said brackets being also secured to the adjacent end side sheet and slope sheet.

54. A freight car having a slope sheet, end

side sheets, side stakes, and a bracket on each side stake for tying the adjacent end side sheet and the slope sheet to the associated side stake.

55 In a railway car having a floor, a body bolster disposed below the car floor and having end portions extending above the floor,

51: A drop-bottom railway car involving below the car floor to which the side stakes are respectively secured.

56. In a railway car, the combination with a body bolster having a top flange and end portions terminating above said flange, of side 'stakesrespectively secured to said end portions, the latter aflording surfaces above 1 and below said flange to which the side stakes are respectivel. secured. v

'57 In a railway car having a floor, side sheets,'a body bolster extending between said side sheets and disposed below'the car floor, said bolster having end portions projecting above neighboring portions of the floor respectively'afiordin surfaces normal to the,

longitudinal axis 0 the car to which our side stakes may be secured, and side stakes re spectively secured tosaid end portions of, v

the bolster and overlapping the inner faces of said side sheets.

58. In a railway car having a plurality of slope sheets, af-body bolster disposed below said slope sheets, and having a portion projecting upwardly beyond neighboring portions ot'said slope sheets, a plurality of side sheets, and a side stake secured to the upwardly projecting portion of the bolster disposed inwardly of said side sheets, an edge of one of said slope sheets terminating adjacent theouter edge of the side stake and an edge of the other of said slope sheets terminating adjacent the inner edge thereof, one of said side sheets being flanged inwardly and secured to the marginal edge of said last named slope sheet. v

59. In a railway car having a body bolster tions of the bolster respectively secured to.

provided with an inclined top flange ada ted the side stakes being disposed on opposite sides of the inclined flange of the lattn' 60. In a railway car having main side sheets and end side sheets, and side stakes disposed within the sides of the car defined by the said side sheets, portions of the main side sheets adjacent the endsidesheets produced ends, the combination with side sheets and inclined floor sheets, of side stakes pro jecting inwardly beyond the side sheets, portions of the sheets intermediate the car ends and adjacent side stakes in alinement with jcting beyond the associated side stakes to the latter longitudinally of the car bein inclined transversely of the car, said incline portions being disposed in lanes intersecting the s e-sheetsin paralle lines.

63. 1 a railwayhopper car havin reduced ends, the combination with side 3 eets and inclined floor sheets, of side stakes projectin inwardly beyond the side sheets, the 1 side slieets adjacent the end of the car being 10 provided'with transversely inclined portions in alinement with the side stakes longitudinally of the car, said inclined portions respectively terminating in flanges parallel with the normal sides of the car for attachment to the slope sheets. i

64. In 'a hopper car having reduced ends, the combination with side sheets, of side stakes projecting inwardly beyond the side sheets, the lower portions of the sidezo-sheets adjacent the ends of the car being fashioned with transversely inclined surfaces in alinement with the side stakes longitudinally of-the car, said last-named side sheets being fashioned with marginal flanges, and substantially rectangular slope sheets secured to said marginal flan es.

WILLIAM E. VgINE; 

